Mafi kyawun kwamfyutocin caca don 2021

Masu tsattsauran ra'ayi za su yi jayayya cewa kuna buƙatar PC don yin wasanni da gaske, musamman idan kun kasance mai son tura matakan ingancin zane fiye da ƙarfin kayan wasan bidiyo na caca kawai. Dangane da wannan, tebur ɗin wasan har yanzu sarki ne, musamman idan ana batun samun nau'ikan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da ƙarfin doki da ake buƙata don gudanar da wasannin 4K cikin sauƙi da tallafawa saitin gaskiya (VR). Amma idan kuna son ko kuna buƙatar wani abu da zaku iya bugawa a kusa da gidan ko zuwa wurin abokin ku, muna nan don taimaka muku zaɓar kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da ta dace.

Nawa Ya Kamata Ku Kashe Kan Laptop ɗin Wasa?

Tsarin caca suna da abubuwan haɓaka mafi girma fiye da kwamfyutocin mabukaci masu gudu, don haka farashin su zai yi girma, amma kewayon nau'in yana da girma: daga ƙasa mai girma zuwa $4,000 da sama. Kwamfutocin caca na kasafin kuɗi suna farawa a kusan $750 kuma suna iya haura kusan $1,250. Don haka, kuna samun tsarin da zai iya kunna wasanni a cikakken ƙudurin HD (1080p) tare da saitin da aka ƙi a yawancin taken, ko a matsakaicin saitunan inganci a cikin mafi sauƙi wasanni. Ma'ajiya na iya zama rumbun kwamfutarka, ko madaidaicin iko mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi (SSD). An fi son SSD koyaushe.

Masananmu sun gwada 147 Samfura a cikin Rukunin Kwamfutoci na wannan Shekara

Tun daga 1982, PCMag ya gwada kuma ya ƙididdige dubban samfurori don taimaka muku yanke shawara mafi kyawun siyan. (Dubi yadda muke gwadawa.)

Kuna son wani abu mafi kyau? Tsare-tsare na Midrange suna ba ku mafi santsi game wasan a babban ko matsakaicin saiti akan mafi kyawun allo na 1080p (sau da yawa a cikin kide kide tare da babban allo mai wartsakewa na musamman; ƙari akan wancan a cikin ɗan lokaci), kuma yakamata ya ƙara goyan baya ga na'urar kai ta VR. Waɗannan samfuran za su kasance cikin farashi daga kusan $1,250 zuwa $2,000.

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

Tsarukan ƙarewa, a halin yanzu, ya kamata ya ba ku tabbacin wasan kwaikwayo mai santsi a 1080p tare da cikakkun bayanai masu ƙima, galibi tare da babban allo mai wartsakewa. Har ma suna iya ba ku damar yin wasa a ƙudurin 4K, idan allon yana goyan bayan sa. Hakanan ya kamata ƙirar ƙira ta iya kunna na'urar kai ta VR da goyan bayan ƙarin masu saka idanu na waje. Waɗannan injunan suna zuwa da kayan aikin ajiya cikin sauri kamar na'urori masu ƙarfi na PCI Express, kuma ana farashi sama da $2,000, galibi kusa da $3,000.

Wasu kwamfyutocin kwamfyutoci a cikin wannan aji suna tallafawa QHD (2,560-by-1,440-pixel) ko allo 4K, rumbun kwamfyuta don haɓaka SSD, da ingantattun magoya bayan sanyaya a matsayin ƙarin zaɓi na zaɓi. Godiya ga ci gaban zamani, ƙarin adadin waɗannan ma suna da sirara da ɗaukar nauyi. Tare da kwamfyutocin tafi-da-gidanka a cikin wannan matakin, ko dai za ku biya ƙima don babban aiki a cikin ƙaramin chassis, ko don biyan mafi kyawun iko a cikin ginin chunkier.

Saka GPU Farko: Zane-zane Maɓalli ne

Babban sifa da ke kera ko karya kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta caca ita ce sashin sarrafa hoto (GPU). Ba ma ɗaukar kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka azaman kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na caca sai dai idan tana da guntu mai ƙima daga Nvidia ko (ƙasa da yawa) AMD. Hanyar haɗari mai sauri ga waɗanda ba a sani ba: Gabaɗaya, mafi girman lambar a cikin jerin GPU, mafi ƙarfinsa. Misali, Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 zai samar da ƙimar firam mafi girma da zane mai inganci fiye da RTX 3070, da sauransu ƙasa tari.

Nvidia shine babban ɗan wasa a fagen yanzu, a halin yanzu yana samar da GPUs na wayar hannu masu hankali dangane da microarchitecture na "Ampere". Ampere GPUs suna siyarwa a ƙarƙashin sunan GeForce RTX 30-Series (watau RTX 3070 ko RTX 3080) kuma an ƙaddamar da su akan kwamfyutoci a farkon 2021. Wannan dandamali ya maye gurbin ƙarni na “Turing” na baya, kodayake har yanzu za ku sami waɗannan 20-Series GPUs ( misali, RTX 2070) a dillalan kan layi a wasu kwamfyutocin da suka fito a bara. Ba kamar sauran al'ummomin da suka gabata ba, babban ƙarshen Turing da Ampere GPUs da ke kan kwamfyutocin suna ɗauke da sunan "RTX" maimakon "GTX," wani nau'i na fasaha na ray-ray wanda dandalin ke bayarwa don haɓaka abubuwan gani a cikin-game (tare da wasanni masu goyan baya). shi). 

Haka muka isa ga GeForce RTX 2080 (Turing) da RTX 3080 (Ampere) sunaye na kwamfyutoci da kwamfutoci. Tare da Turing, mun gano cewa GPUs na kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka sun dace da takwarorinsu na tebur, yayin da akwai tazara mai ban mamaki tsakanin su biyun tare da Pascal. Abin takaici, ya dawo zama ɗan rikitarwa tare da Ampere: RTX 30-Series GPUs akan kwamfyutoci suna yin kyau sosai fiye da takwarorinsu na kwamfyutocin, kuma ana iya samun bambance-bambancen aiki tsakanin GPU iri ɗaya akan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ɗaya da wani. (Don ganin bincikenmu akan wannan batu, karanta labarin gwajin Ampere na wayar hannu.)

A kasan tarin Ampere sune GeForce RTX 3050 da RTX 3050 Ti, ƙarin ƙarin kwanan nan zuwa jeri, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin bazara 2021. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar RTX 3070 da RTX 3080, waɗannan GPUs guda biyu suna samuwa a cikin ƙarin kasafin kuɗi- kwamfyutocin wasan abokantaka (ko a cikin saitunan tushe na ƙarin injunan ƙima), suna kawo gine-ginen Ampere da, mahimmanci, binciken ray zuwa injunan matakin shigarwa. RTX 3060 ta mamaye matsakaiciyar sarari tsakanin waɗannan matakan-shiga biyu da manyan nau'ikan GPU na ƙarshe.

A ƙasa da RTX 3050, abubuwa sun ɗan fi rikitarwa. Kafin ƙaddamar da RTX 3050 da RTX 3050 Ti, GPUs na tushen Turing uku sun mamaye sararin da ke ƙasa da RTX 3060 don tsarin kasafin kuɗi na gaskiya. An ƙaddamar da GTX 1650 da GTX 1660 Ti GPUs a cikin 2019, kuma GTX 1650 Ti da aka yi muhawara a cikin 2020, yana ba da kyakkyawan aikin wasan caca HD ba tare da fa'idodin RTX ba, kamar gano-ray. Sun dogara ne akan tsarar gine-gine iri ɗaya kamar na RTX GPUs, amma ba su da maƙallan don gano hasken haske kuma ba su da tsada, yana sa su dace da injin kasafin kuɗi.

Waɗannan sun kasance masu dacewa don lokacin duk da sabbin GPUs, musamman a cikin mafi ƙarancin wasan caca kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, kodayake RTX 3050 da RTX 3050 Ti za su fara maye gurbinsu a lokuta da yawa. Hakanan zaka ga, alal misali, GTX 1650 Ti da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙananan kwamfyutocin caca kamar Razer Blade Stealth 13, da kuma a cikin kwamfyutocin da ba na caca ba waɗanda za su iya amfana daga wasu zane-zane, kamar Dell XPS 15.

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

Nvidia har yanzu shine babban ɗan wasa a cikin zane-zane, amma babban abokin hamayyar AMD yana ganin haɓakar tallafi. Haɓaka adadin kwamfyutocin wasan caca suna ba da Radeon RX 5000 Series GPUs. Radeon GPUs wani lokaci ana haɗa su tare da na'ura mai sarrafa Intel, kodayake muna kuma ganin ƙarin misalai na zane-zane na AMD da aka haɗa tare da na'urori na AMD fiye da da. (Dell da MSI, alal misali, suna ba da ƴan AMD-on-AMD CPU/GPU inji.) Bugu da kari, AMD a Computex 2021 ya gabatar da sabon layin GPUs na wayar hannu a cikin nau'in Radeon RX 6800M, RX 6700M, da RX 6600M wanda yakamata ya fara tacewa cikin manyan kwamfyutocin caca masu tsayi da matsakaici a cikin rabin na biyu na 2021.

Ko da tare da duk abubuwan da ke sama, har yanzu akwai wasu ƙididdiga na asali da za a zana game da aikin zane-zane. GPU mai hankali na RTX mai girma guda ɗaya zai ba ku damar kunna sabbin taken wasan AAA akan allon 1080p tare da duk kararrawa da busa da aka kunna, kuma ku kasance lafiya don kunna wasan VR. Bugu da ƙari, 30-Series Ampere GPUs (musamman RTX 3080) sun sanya wasan 1440p da 4K mai santsi ya fi dacewa fiye da da, har ma tare da kunna-ray-ray a cikin wasu lakabi. Mafi yawan wasannin da ake buƙata ba za su iya buga 60fps a 4K tare da binciken ray ba dangane da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, amma ya fi dacewa a yi ko dai da kansu tare da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan saman-ƙarshen.

A baya, ikon RTX 2080 ko RTX 3080 zai yi kama da kisa don yin wasa mai laushi a 1080p, amma sabbin abubuwa da yawa na iya ɗaukar wannan ƙarin yuwuwar. Wani abin da ke faruwa a tsakanin injuna masu tsayi shine babban allo mai wartsakewa wanda aka gina a cikin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, wanda ke ba da damar nuna ƙimar firam ɗin gabaɗaya don daidaita yanayin wasan da aka gane. Za ku buƙaci guntu mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don yin amfani da fa'idodin babban kwamiti mai wartsakewa tare da wasanni masu buƙata. Za ku iya gano injuna irin waɗannan ta hanyar tallata lengo, a ce, allon 120Hz, 144Hz, ko 240Hz. (Wani nuni na yau da kullun akan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka shine panel 60Hz, amma yawancin samfuran caca zasu sami nuni na 100Hz-plus a wannan lokacin.)

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

Kwamitin 144Hz yana fitowa a matsayin mafi yawanci, amma muna kuma ganin wasu 240Hz har ma da zaɓuɓɓukan 360Hz a cikin ƙira masu tsada), don haka za su iya nuna firam fiye da 60 a sakan daya (misali, har zuwa 144fps, a cikin yanayin 144Hz). fuska). Wannan yana sa wasan kwaikwayon ya zama mai santsi, amma manyan GPUs masu girma ne kawai zasu iya tura waɗancan iyakokin, a yawancin lokuta. Bugu da ƙari, dabarun gano ray da aka ambata a baya (tunanin hasken haske na ainihi da tasirin tunani) suna buƙatar gudu, kuma yayin da ƙarin wasannin bidiyo ke aiwatar da fasahar, gwargwadon yadda kuke fatan za ku iya kunna su. (A yanzu, suna da mahimmanci a cikin ɓarke ​​​​na wasannin AAA, kamar Battlefield V da Metro: Fitowa.)

Don haka, akwai dalilai da yawa don zaɓar RTX 2070 ko RTX 2080 (yayin da har yanzu kuna iya samun ana ba da su), RTX 3070, ko RTX 3080, koda wasa wasanni a cikakken HD (1080p) ƙuduri bai yi kama da haka ba. neman ku akan takarda. Za mu ba ku cikakkun bayanai da yawa a nan, amma Nvidia kuma tana aiwatar da wata dabarar ma'ana da ake kira DLSS don taimakawa binciken ray don aiki lafiya a kan kayan aikin da ba su da ƙarfi kamar RTX 3050 tare da iyakancewar ƙasa, don haka ba ku da sa'a gaba ɗaya idan kun kasance. ba zai iya samun manyan kwakwalwan kwamfuta ba. Tallafin DLSS, ko da yake, ya shafi ƙaramin rukunin wasanni ne kawai a yanzu.

Nvidia's G-Sync da AMD's FreeSync fasahar sun fi ƙasa-da-kasa. Suna taimakawa haɓaka ingancin ƙwarewar wasan da kuma daidaita ƙimar firam ta barin allon kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ya sake rubuta hoton akan allo a matsakaicin ƙimar da ya dogara da fitowar GPU (maimakon ƙayyadaddun ƙimar allon). Nemo goyan baya ga ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan fasahohin idan kun kasance maƙasudin madaidaicin abubuwan gani. Waɗannan fasahohin, waɗanda aka haɗa tare da “daidaitawar daidaitawa,” suna ƙara zama gama gari, amma suna nuna nunawa a cikin injuna masu tsada, tare da G-Sync da yawa.

Yadda ake zabar CPU a kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na Gaming

Mai sarrafawa shine zuciyar PC, kuma a yawancin kwamfyutocin caca waɗanda aka sake dawowa a cikin 2020, wataƙila za ku sami na'urori na Intel na 10th Generation Core H-Series (wanda kuma ake yiwa lakabi da "Comet Lake-H"). Har yanzu za ku ga yawancin waɗannan na'urori masu sarrafawa da ake samu a cikin 2021 (da kuma tsofaffin guntu na lokaci-lokaci), kodayake a zahiri ba su da sabbin abubuwan kyauta. Intel ya ƙaddamar da na'urori na farko na ƙarni na 11 na "Tiger Lake-H" a farkon 2021 (sau da yawa ana yi masa lakabi da ajin "H35"), tare da wasu sababbi, kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu ƙarfi da aka fara halarta a watan Mayu. Na farko “kawai” sun haɗa da muryoyi huɗu da zaren guda takwas, amma godiya ga haɓakawa a fasahar kere-kere na Intel, hakan bai kamata koyaushe ya zama daidai da ƙananan ayyuka ba, musamman akan ƙananan ayyuka masu zaren yawa. Hakanan suna da fa'idar yin amfani da ƙarancin wuta da mai sanyaya gudu.

Ko da mafi kyau ga 'yan wasa, waccan kalaman na biyu na Tiger Lake-H chips suna buga nau'ikan tsarin wasan caca a cikin rabin na biyu na 2021. Sun haɗa da Core i9 CPUs masu goyon baya, na'urori na Core i7 don kwamfyutocin wasan sirara da haske, da sabo Core. i5 kwakwalwan kwamfuta don injin kasafin kuɗi. Ba kamar na'urori masu sarrafawa daga igiyar farko ba, waɗannan ƙarin kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu ƙarfi suna da aƙalla ƙira shida da zaren 12, kuma sassan Core i7 da i9 suna alfahari da muryoyi takwas da zaren 16. Ba mu sake nazarin kowace kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka tare da waɗannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta ba tukuna, amma yakamata mu sami lambobin aiki soon.

Gabaɗaya, ƙarin ƙira da saurin agogo mafi girma suna kawo ingantacciyar inganci gabaɗaya da ingantaccen aiki akan ayyuka da yawa kamar ayyukan watsa labarai, amma ba shi da mahimmanci ga wasan caca, yana sa dangin Tiger Lake H35 mai tushe huɗu ya dace da ci gaba. Wasa baya gani as yawancin haɓakawa daga ƙarin zaren kamar yadda yawancin ayyukan watsa labarai ke yi, amma tabbas ba su cutar da su ba. Core i12-7H na shida-core / 10750-thread, musamman, ya zama abin tafi-da-gidanka don tsaka-tsakin kwamfyutocin caca masu tsayi a cikin 2020 (kuma a cikin mafi manyan kwamfyutocin caca, Core i7-10875H), yayin da muke tsammanin kwanan nan aka sanar da Core i7-11800H zai zama sananne sosai ta sauran 2021.

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

A bisa ka'ida, zaku iya samun kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta caca tare da Intel Core i3 processor, amma waɗannan ba sabon abu bane: Tsarin tare da Intel Core i3 da kwatankwacin matakin shigarwa na AMD tabbas suna iya kunna wasanni da yawa, amma me yasa iyakance kanku daga murabba'i ɗaya? Wannan ya ce, idan dole ne ku zaɓi tsakanin babban CPU da GPU mai girma, je don zane-zane. Misali, muna ba da shawarar samun Core i5 CPU akan Core i7 idan kuɗin da aka adana zai iya zuwa zuwa Nvidia GeForce RTX 3070 GPU maimakon RTX 3060. Bayar da kuɗin akan GPU yana da ma'ana fiye da kashe shi akan CPU idan caca shine babban damuwar ku.

Nemo na'urori masu sarrafawa na Intel Core i5 a cikin tsarin tsaka-tsaki, tare da na'urori masu sarrafa Core i7 H, HQ, da HK a cikin kwamfyutocin caca mafi girma. Na'urori masu sarrafawa na H-jerin suna da ƙarfin ƙarfi, kuma suna nunawa a cikin kwamfyutocin wasan kwaikwayo masu tsada, yayin da ƙananan guntuwar U-jerin kwakwalwan kwamfuta an tsara su don ƙananan injuna masu ɗaukar nauyi. Sun bambanta sosai, dangane da bayanin martaba na thermal, da kuma yuwuwar aikin gabaɗaya; mai U-jerin Core i7 processor bazai ma sami adadin nau'ikan kayan aiki iri ɗaya kamar guntuwar H-jerin Core i7 ba. (Intel ta fara amfani da suffix na "G" akan kwakwalwan kwamfuta na U-Series a cikin ƙarni na 11 don nuna ingantattun haɗe-haɗen zane-zane, amma har yanzu su ne masu sarrafa U-Series). U-jerin kwakwalwan kwamfuta ba a saba gani ba a cikin kwamfyutocin wasan caca na gaskiya, amma suna can. H yafi. Mafi tsada, manyan kwamfyutocin wasan caca a can har ma za su ba da na'urori masu sarrafawa na Core i9 H-Series, waɗanda kuma sun fi ayyukan watsa labarai.

A gefen AMD, lokuta suna canzawa. A baya can nau'ikan wayar hannu na kamfanin Ryzen 5 da Ryzen 7 na'urori masu sarrafawa sun taka rawar gani na biyu ga abubuwan da Intel ke bayarwa. Suna da fa'idodin aikin nasu a cikin kwamfutoci da kwamfyutoci, amma a al'adance sun yi ƙasa da gama gari a cikin kwamfyutocin caca fiye da abubuwan da Intel ke bayarwa. A cikin 2020, kodayake, AMD ta ƙaddamar da sabon ƙarni na na'urorin sarrafa wayar hannu bisa tsarin gine-ginen Zen 2, wanda ya yi nasara sosai akan tebur. CPU na farko daga wannan sabon layin da muka gwada shine Ryzen 9 4900HS (a cikin Asus ROG Zephyrus G14), kuma yana da ban sha'awa sosai, kamar yadda muka ci gaba da gani akan sauran kwamfyutocin cikin shekara. Idan aka kwatanta da kwatankwacin Intel, waɗannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta sun yi aiki mafi kyau akan ayyukan watsa labarai kuma sun ba da kwatankwacin wasan caca a ƙaramin farashi. AMD yana ba da ƙananan Ryzen 7 da Ryzen 5 kwakwalwan kwamfuta, kuma, a cikin wannan sabon-na-2020 iyali, wanda kuma aka sani da code-name, "Renoir."

AMD bai huta ba akan abubuwan da ke shiga 2021, ko dai, farawa daga shekara ta sanar da guntun guntun Ryzen 5000, dangane da sabon gine-ginen Zen 3. A cikin 'yan tsarin da muka gwada tare da Ryzen 5000 CPU ya zuwa yanzu, sun kasance cikin sauri da sauri, suna ba da sigina mai ƙarfi na ko da mafi kyawun aiki yayin da AMD ke yaƙi don mamaye CPU tare da Intel akan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da tebur. Ƙarin kwamfyutocin wasan caca, musamman ƙarin ƙayyadaddun ƙorafi, suna zaɓar hanyoyin AMD, kodayake har yanzu suna da yawa da kwamfyutocin wasan caca na Intel Core.

Girman Nuni: Shin Kuna Buƙatar Kwamfyutan Ciniki Mai Inci 17?

Dangane da girman nuni, allon inch 15 shine wuri mai daɗi don kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na caca. Kuna iya siyan samfura tare da nunin nunin inch 17 mafi girma, amma wannan tabbas tabbas zai iya ɗaukar nauyi zuwa sama da fam 5 kuma ya sanya alamar tambaya. Dangane da ƙuduri, duk da haka, yana da ƙarancin tambaya: Cikakken HD (1,920-by-1,080-pixel) allon ƙuduri na asali shine mafi ƙarancin tsoho a wannan lokacin, komai girman allo.

Manyan nuni suna iya ba ku ƙuduri sama da 1080p, amma zaɓi cikin hikima, azaman ƙudurin QHD (wanda ba a saba gani ba), QHD+ (pixels 3,200 ta 1,800, har ma ƙasa da gama gari), ko 4K (3,840 ta 2,160 pixels, kaɗan). fiye da kowa) zai haɓaka farashin ƙarshe sau biyu: na farko don panel, kuma na biyu don guntu mai inganci mai inganci za ku buƙaci fitar da shi zuwa cikakkiyar damarsa. Kamar yadda aka ambata, bincika G-Sync gama gari ko manyan allo masu wartsakewa (kamar yadda aka tattauna a sama a sashin GPU) idan kuna son gani mai santsi.

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

Saboda suna buƙatar mafi ƙarfin GPUs don wasan kwaikwayo mai santsi a ƙuduri na asali, kwamfyutocin wasan caca tare da allon 4K (3,840 ta 2,160 pixels) har yanzu ban da, kuma har yanzu tsada. Kuma ku kiyaye wannan a hankali: Katunan zane masu ƙarfi ne kawai zasu iya ba da hadaddun raye-rayen wasan a ƙimar firam ɗin da za a iya kunnawa a cikin cikakken allo a 4K, don haka allon 1080p na iya zama mafi kyawun amfani da kuɗin ku idan duk abin da kuke yi shine wasa wasanni (musamman). idan kuma za ku iya samun babban allo mai sabuntawa). Kodayake RTX 3070 da RTX 3080 na iya ɗaukar wasan 4K da hankali fiye da kowane GPUs na kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka a gabansu, har yanzu ba mu tsammanin ya cancanci farashin neman wasan 4K a cikin kwamfyutocin. Tabbataccen allon fuska yana da kyau, kodayake, musamman tunda galibi ana haɗa su da fasahar OLED.

Shin Max-Q Dama gare ku?

A ƙoƙarin samar da sumul, ƙarin kwamfyutocin caca masu ɗaukar nauyi, Nvidia ta ƙaddamar da wani shiri a cikin 2017 mai suna Max-Q Design, kalmar aro daga masana'antar aeronautics. A cikin wannan yanayin, yana bayyana matsakaicin adadin kuzarin iska da jirgin zai iya ɗauka. Anan, yana nufin haɗakar kayan masarufi da gyare-gyaren software waɗanda ke ba da damar manyan katunan zane-zane don dacewa da ƙanƙantaccen chassis fiye da na al'ada. Ta hanyar iyakance rufin wutar lantarki na GPUs kamar GeForce RTX 2080 da RTX 2070, ana samar da ƙarancin zafi, ma'ana ana buƙatar ƙaramin ɗaki don sanyaya da bacewar zafi, yana haifar da ƙananan kwamfyutoci. An rage yawan cinikin cinikin aiki, tunda thermals yana da iyaka, amma duk da haka, Max-Q GPUs ya zama ruwan dare ga kwamfyutocin tushen Turing a ƙarshen 2020.

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

GeForce RTX 30-Series da Ampere sun rikitar da Max-Q, kodayake. Kuna iya karanta ƙarin a cikin labarin gwajin Ampere da aka ambata a baya, amma gajeriyar sigar ita ce: Nvidia ba ta ba da umarnin cewa dillalai su jera a bainar jama'a ba ko GPU ɗin an daidaita shi don Max-Q, da ma'anar alamar Max-Q. kanta kuma shifting. Ba shi da ɗan fayyace yadda raguwar aikin da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta Max-Q da aka bayar zai kasance, ban da bambancin GPU iri ɗaya akan kwamfyutocin kwamfyutoci guda biyu daban-daban, yana lalata ruwa. Idan kuna siyayya don kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka mai tsayi, ko kuma kawai kuna son ganin ƙarin cikakkun bayanai kan bambance-bambancen aiki, muna ba ku shawarar karanta wancan yanki na gwajin Ampere don ƙarin bayani kan nuances. Layin ƙasa, kodayake: Duban bita da sakamakon gwaji mai zaman kansa yana da mahimmanci fiye da kowane lokaci.

Adana Kwamfyutan Ciniki Wasan: Tsaya Tare da SSD

Ya kamata ku ba da fifiko ga tsarin da ke da ƙaƙƙarfan tuƙi a matsayin faifan taya, tun da farashin ya faɗi da yawa a cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata. SSDs suna haɓaka lokacin taya, tashi-daga lokacin bacci, da lokacin da ake ɗauka don ƙaddamar da wasa da ɗaukar sabon matakin.

Ci gaba da samun kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na caca tare da SSD, amma ka tabbata ka daidaita daidai. Ƙaramin ƙarfi (256GB) SSD mai ɗaki (1TB ko mafi girma) rumbun kwamfutarka na biyu yana da kyau farawa idan kuma kuna zazzage bidiyon lokaci-lokaci daga intanet. (Kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka masu kauri kawai za su kasance suna tallafawa shirye-shiryen tuƙi biyu kamar wannan.) Akwai SSDs masu ƙarfi (512GB ko fiye) suna samuwa, amma zaɓin ɗaya zai ƙara farashin siyan rig ɗin wasan ku da bunch.

SSDs suna da sauri sosai, amma dangane da iya aiki, kuɗin ku ya wuce gaba tare da rumbun kwamfyuta. Ƙara ƙarin ƙarfin SSD na iya sa farashin ya tashi da sauri. Har yanzu, gane yadda manyan abubuwan zazzagewar wasan zamani za su kasance (a cikin dubun gigabytes) kuma ku siyayya daidai. Karamin-ƙaramin SSD na iya nufin kuna kunna wasanni har abada a kan tuƙi da kashe su.

Tuna: Samun Isasshen Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa )

Kafin mu manta, bari mu yi magana ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. A cikin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na caca, nemi aƙalla 8GB na RAM. (A aikace, babu samfurin mutunta kai da zai zo da ƙasa da ƙasa.) Wannan zai ba ku ɗan numfashi lokacin da kuke juyawa tsakanin taga wasan ku da app ɗin saƙonku, amma za mu adana shawarwarin wasan bincike don lokacin da ba ku. wasa, yayin da kowane taga mai bincike da ka buɗe yana ci cikin rabon RAM ɗin ku.

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

Don babban tsari, muna ba da shawarar 16GB, don haka za ku iya samun zaman wasan caca fiye da ɗaya, app ɗin aika saƙonku, gidajen yanar gizo da yawa, shirin kyamarar gidan yanar gizo, da shirin yawo na bidiyo a buɗe lokaci guda. Ya kamata kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta tsakiya ta yi aiki da kyau tare da 8GB na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, amma ku sani cewa yawancin sababbin kwamfyutocin ba a inganta su ba. Wataƙila kuna makale da adadin ƙwaƙwalwar da kuke oda. Don kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na wasan saka hannun jari, 16GB shine manufa manufa; ga mafi yawan mutanen da ba matsananci streamers ko multitaskers, fiye da cewa ya wuce kima.

Siyan Kwamfyutan Ciniki Mafi arha

Idan kuna siyayya don tsarin caca akan ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi (a wannan yanayin, tsakanin kusan $ 700 da $ 1,200), kuna buƙatar yin wasu sadaukarwa. Ƙarfafa ƙarfi yayin kasancewa cikin kewayon farashi mai iyaka shine makasudin, amma dole ne ku yarda cewa wasu abubuwan ba za su yi kama da kwamfyutocin da suka fi tsada da za ku gani yayin lilo ba. Wannan ya ce, $ 1,200 shine madaidaicin rufin abin da wasu masu siye ke shirye don kashewa akan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na caca, kuma har yanzu kuna iya samun ingantaccen tsarin don haka ko ƙasa da haka. (Duba taron mu na mafi kyawun kwamfyutocin caca masu arha.)

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

Babban abin da za a sauke shi ne zane-zane, tun da keɓaɓɓen guntu na zane yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi tsada kayan aikin injin kuma babban abin da ke haifar da ƙwarewar wasan kwamfuta. Kusan guntun zane-zanen hannu guda ɗaya yana bayyana nau'in kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da kuke mu'amala da su, don haka yana da mahimmanci a kula da wannan ɓangaren lokacin zaɓen bincike. Abin farin ciki, har ma mafi ƙarancin zaɓuɓɓukan GPU a kwanakin nan suna da iko sosai.

Tsarin kasafin kuɗi a cikin 2020 an sanye su kusan na musamman tare da Nvidia “Turing” GPUs masu kasafin kuɗi kamar GTX 1650, GTX 1650 Ti, da GTX 1660 Ti. Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, a cikin bazara 2021, tare da sabon kwakwalwan Tiger Lake-H na Intel, Nvidia ta sanar da GeForce RTX 3050 da 3050 Ti, sabbin GPUs guda biyu waɗanda za su kasance a cikin kwamfyutocin fara ƙasa da $ 799. Waɗannan yanzu zaɓin shigarwa ne don RTX 30-Series GPUs, kuma don ci gaba da fasahar hasken ray-ray wanda sunan “RTX” ke nunawa, yana kawo shi ga yan wasan kasafin kuɗi a karon farko. GTX 16-Series za su kasance a cikin wasu sabbin kwamfyutocin kasafin kuɗi azaman zaɓi na farawa, kuma a cikin samfuran 2020 waɗanda har yanzu ana siyar da su akan layi, amma sabbin GPUs guda biyu na RTX 30-Series za su zama abin tafi-da-gidanka a cikin tsarin mai rahusa kamar yadda 2021 ke tafiya. kan.

Tare da GTX 1650 da GTX 1650 Ti, zaku iya yin wasa lafiya a 1080p, kawai ba a mafi girman saiti a cikin sabbin wasanni ba. Wannan ba shi da ƙarancin damuwa ga GeForce GTX 1660 Ti idan kun bi wannan hanyar, saboda yana da ban sha'awa sosai a cikin 1080p / cikakken HD don farashi, amma ko da a can za ku karɓi buga wasu saitunan don wasan 60fps a cikin wasu taken. . Wannan shine mafi ƙarancin shari'ar ga RTX 3060, wanda yanzu yana zaune tsakanin RTX 3050/RTX 3050 TI da babban ƙarshen RTX 3070/3080. Wasan gaskiya na gaskiya na iya zama shimfidawa a cikin wannan kewayon farashin, amma GTX 1660 Ti ita ce GPU ta hannu ta VR mafi ƙarancin tsada a halin yanzu, don haka wasu kwamfyutocin kwamfyutoci a mafi girman ƙarshen wannan kewayon farashin za su (kawai) shigar da ku a ƙofar. .

(Hoto: Zlata Ivleva)

Masu sarrafawa sune babban bambanci na gaba. Wataƙila za ku sami Core i5 mai ƙarfi maimakon Core i7 mai sauri. Har yanzu, wasu fa'idodin na'ura na i7 ba su zama babban mahimmanci ga wasan kwaikwayo ba, amma a maimakon haka suna amfana da gyaran bidiyo da sauran abubuwan amfani, don haka i5 zai yi aikin. Sabon ƙarni na waɗannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta yana da sauri da inganci a matakin tushe, kuma ba zai zama cikas ga wasan caca ba.

AMD GPUs ba su da yawa a cikin kwamfyutocin caca na kasafin kuɗi fiye da na Nvidia. Sabbin sabbin waɗanda muka gani a cikin shekarar da ta gabata galibi suna amfani da Radeon RX 5500M ko 5600M waɗanda aka haɗa tare da Intel CPU, amma gabaɗaya, kwamfyutocin caca na AMD gabaɗayan kasafin kuɗi wani abu ne da muke tsammanin haɓakawa yayin da shekara ke tafiya. kan. (Misali ɗaya da ba kasafai ba shine mai kyau MSI Bravo 15.)

A waje da katin zane da processor, sauran abubuwan da aka gyara yakamata su kasance kusa da injuna masu tsada fiye da yadda kuke tsammani. Dangane da batun ajiya, ƙimar farashin tsakanin rumbun kwamfyuta da SSDs yana raguwa, amma rumbun kwamfyutoci sun rataya akan taurin kai a nan fiye da sauran azuzuwan-kwamfyutan wasa. A 1TB rumbun kwamfutarka tare da watakila karamin boot-drive SSD tare da shi ne na kowa a cikin kasafin kudin kwamfyutocin, amma duba ga model cewa su ne hard-drive-kawai; mun fi son faifan taya SSD sosai, har ma a cikin wannan kewayon farashin. Kusan tabbas nunin zai zama 1080p, saboda 1,366-by-768-pixel panels yanzu an kebe su don tsarin da ba na caca ba mai arha kawai. Da alama RAM ɗin zai tashi a 8GB a cikin kwamfyutocin kasafin kuɗi, amma zaku sami wasu (mafi dacewa) kwamfyutocin 16GB a cikin wannan kewayon.

Me Kuke Bukata Don Haɓaka Wasan ku?

Ganin cewa manyan abubuwan da aka gyara suna haifar da zubar da rayuwar batir, kar a yi shirin ɗaukar ɗayan waɗannan na'urorin wasan caca da nisa daga soket na bango sau da yawa. Yanke-baki mashigai kamar USB Type-C da Thunderbolt 3 suna da fa'ida a yanzu, kuma za su ƙara zama ƙasa a hanya, amma nemi aƙalla nau'ikan nau'ikan guda biyu (aka, "Nau'in-A") USB 3.0 tashoshin jiragen ruwa don haka zaka iya. toshe linzamin kwamfuta na waje da rumbun kwamfutarka don fayilolin mai jarida da aka ajiye.

Idan kana son haɗa na'urar kai ta VR zuwa ga GeForce GTX 1660 Ti-or-mafi kyawun rig ɗinku, nemi madaidaicin ɗorawa na tashar jiragen ruwa don saukar da shi. Kuna buƙatar ingantaccen sanya HDMI ko bidiyon DisplayPort (ya dogara da naúrar kai wanda zaku buƙaci) da isassun tashoshin USB don yuwuwar hydra-head na cabling. Sauran tashoshin bidiyo, kamar DisplayPort ko mini-DisplayPort (wani lokaci ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar tashar USB-C), za su taimaka idan kuna son kunna wasanni akan nunin waje, amma ba lallai ba ne su zama dole idan allon kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ya isa sosai.

Don haka, Wanne Laptop ɗin Wasan Zan Sayi?

Jerin zaɓukan mu yana ci gaba koyaushe yayin da muke gwada sabbin samfura. Mun tsara zaɓin mu cikin abubuwan da muke so na yanzu a cikin kasafin kuɗi (a ƙarƙashin $1,200), matsakaici (tsakanin kasafin kuɗi da $ 2,000), da babban ƙarshen ($ 2,000 da sama) a kowane ɗayan manyan girman allo na kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka guda biyu (15- inch da 17-inch). Ƙananan kwamfyutocin wasan caca sun faɗi cikin ajin "wasan kwaikwayo masu ɗaukar nauyi", kuma mun kuma ƙaddamar da wasu ƙarin abubuwan da aka fi so don yankuna kamar ƙimar gabaɗaya da ƙira da ba a saba gani ba (kamar ƙirar tagwaye). A wani lokaci, muna iya ƙila ƙirar ƙira a cikin nau'in farashi daban fiye da abin da muka gwada da shi, idan ƙirar tushe ta fara da ƙaramin farashi.

Hakanan lura cewa ajin kasafin kudin ya ga wasu hauhawar farashin kaya a cikin 2021, idan aka yi la'akari da karancin silicon da batutuwan samar da kayayyaki da suka addabi masana'antar tun bayan barkewar cutar. A da, da mun saita ƙaƙƙarfan iyaka na $ 999 don injunan caca na kasafin kuɗi, amma muna ganin hauhawar farashin a ƙarshen ƙarshen wannan kasuwa. Don haka mun ɗaga farashin silin na wannan nau'in injinan caca.