Microsoft's suite of office software could be abused to launch phishing attacks capable of deceiving even the most well-trained web users, researchers have found.
Analysts from Bitdefender recently uncovered that homograph attacks (those that abuse similar-looking characters for the purposes of deception – e.g. Micr0soft) grow a lot more potent when based on international domain names (IDN), and used against apps other than browsers.
After testing a few applications on their behavior when faced with an IDN homograph attack, the researchers discovered that all Microsoft Office applications were vulnerable. That includes all of the productivity powerhouses: Outlook, Word, Excel, OneNote and PowerPoint.
No patch in sight
In layman’s terms, a threat actor can force Outlook to display a link that looks absolutely legitimate, while the user wouldn’t be able to tell the difference until the site was opened in their browser. In some cases, that would be enough to trigger a malware download.
The company reported the issue to Microsoft back in October last year, and while the Redmond software giant did acknowledge the threat as real, it is yet to issue a patch.
The good news, Bitdefender claims, is that such an attack is not easy to mount, and is therefore unlikely to be used at scale. Still, the exploit could be an extremely potent weapon for targeted attacks, such as state-sponsored threat actors targeting specific high-value companies for their passwords (opens in new tab) and other sensitive data.
The issue with homograph attacks is that they abuse the internationalization of the web. In the early days of the internet, all domain names used the Latin alphabet, which has 26 characters. Since then, the internet grew to include more characters, including, for example, the Cyrillic alphabet (used in Eastern Europe, and Russia). That gave threat actors a wide playground, as by combining different characters, they can create phishing sites whose URL looks identical to the legitimate site.
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